In 2020 India was the number 6 economy in the world in terms of GDP (current US$), the number 18 in total exports, the number 12 in total imports. In 2021 India exported US$394.8 billion worth of goods around the globe in 2021, up by 33.4% increase since 2017 and accelerating by 43.3% from 2020 to 2021.
In May 2022 India exported $39B and imported $63.2B, resulting in a negative trade balance of $24.2B. Between May 2021 and May 2022 the exports of India have increased by $7.01B (21.9%) from $32B to $39B, while imports increased by $25B (65.4%) from $38.2B to $63.2B.. India is a relatively small player in international trade. The value of India’s exports represent 1.8% of total world exports of $21.513 trillion for 2021.
In 2020 The top exports of India are Refined Petroleum ($25.3B), Packaged Medicaments ($17.8B), Diamonds ($16B), Rice ($8.21B), and Jewellery ($7.57B), exporting mostly to United States ($49.7B), China ($18.5B), United Arab Emirates ($18.1B), Hong Kong ($9.18B), and Germany ($8.8B).
Applying a continental lens, 45.6% of India’s exports by value were delivered to fellow Asian countries while 20.1% were sold to North American importers. India shipped another 19.2% worth of goods to Europe.
Smaller percentages went to Africa (9.6%), Latin America excluding Mexico but including the Caribbean (3.6%) then Oceania led by Australia (1.9%).
India’s Top 10 Exports
The following export product groups categorize the highest dollar value in Indian global shipments during 2021. Also shown is the percentage share each export category represents in terms of overall exports from India.
Mineral fuels including oil: US$56.4 billion (14.3% of total exports)
Gems, precious metals: $38.2 billion (9.7%)
Machinery including computers: $24.2 billion (6.1%)
Iron, steel: $21.2 billion (5.4%)
Organic chemicals: $21.2 billion (5.4%)
Pharmaceuticals: $19.5 billion (4.9%)
Vehicles: $18.9 billion (4.8%)
Electrical machinery, equipment: $18.8 billion (4.8%)
Cereals: $12.4 billion (3.1%)
Cotton: $10 billion (2.5%)
India’s Major Export Companies
India placed over 50 corporations on the Forbes Global 2000 rankings. Many of these are major Indian export companies. Below is a selection of some of the biggest Indian corporations.
Bajaj Auto (recreational products)
Bharat Heavy Electricals (electrical equipment)
Bharat Petroleum (oil, gas)
Coal India (diversified metals, mining)
Grasim Industries (construction materials)
Hero Motocorp (recreational products)
Hindalco Industries (aluminum)
Hindustan Petroleum (oil, gas)
Indian Oil (oil, gas)
ITC (tobacco)
JSW Steel (iron, steel)
Reliance Industries (oil, gas)
Steel Authority of India (iron, steel)
Sun Pharma Industries (pharmaceuticals)
Tata Motors (cars, trucks)
Tata Steel (iron, steel)
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